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                  <text>El Precio del Engaño</text>
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                  <text>HACER, The Hispanic AIDS Committee for Education and Resources</text>
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                  <text> LLEGÓ, National Latino/a Lesbian and Gay Organization</text>
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                  <text>This fotonovela is an educational resource published in 1988-1989. The short dramatic story in Spanish educates members of the Latino community how about AIDS  affects more than the LGBTQ community.</text>
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                  <text> (H.A.C.E.R.), El Comite de Hispanos para Educación y  Recursos sobe el SIDA, Guadalupe Cultural Arts Center Resident Theatre Company Los Actores of San Antonio</text>
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                  <text>The Reagan Era, 1980s, The AIDS HIV Epidemic</text>
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                  <text>The Hispanic AIDS Committee for Education and Resources (H.A.C.E.R.)</text>
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                  <text>This electronic resource is made available by the University of Texas Libraries solely for the purposes of research, teaching and private study.&#13;
&#13;
This material is made available for education and research purposes only. The creator of this exhibit does not own the rights for these items; it cannot grant or deny permission to use this material. Copyright law protects unpublished as well as published materials. It is your responsibility to determine the rights status and secure whatever permission may be needed for the use of any item. Due to the nature of archival collections, rights information may be incomplete or out of date. We welcome updates or corrections. Upon request, we'll remove material from public view while we address a rights issue.</text>
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                  <text>Ayala-Walsh, Johanna, et al. Liberating Machismo: Deconstructing the Stereotypes of Latinidad in Alberto Korda’s Guerrillero Heroico. ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, 1 Jan. 2012, http://search.proquest.com/docview/1315765965/.&#13;
&#13;
Garcia, Bernardo C. The Development of a Latino Gay Identity. Taylor and Francis, 2014, doi:10.4324/97813157960695.&#13;
&#13;
Caston, Teresa, et al. Machismo: A Latin Culture of Honor? A Quantitative Study. ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, 1 Jan. 2015, http://search.proquest.com/docview/2207615088/.&#13;
&#13;
Diaz, Rafael M. Latino Gay Men and HIV : Culture, Sexuality, and Risk Behavior / Rafael M. Díaz. Routledge, 1998.&#13;
&#13;
“Fotonovelas.” Encyclopedia of Sex and Gender: Culture Society History, Encyclopedia.com, 1 May 2020, www.encyclopedia.com/social-sciences/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/fotonovelas.&#13;
&#13;
Snelling, Dana, et al. “HIV/AIDS KNOWLEDGE, WOMEN’S EDUCATION, EPIDEMIC SEVERITY AND PROTECTIVE SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR IN LOW- AND MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES.” Journal of Biosocial Science, vol. 39, no. 3, Cambridge University Press, May 2007, pp. 421–42, doi:10.1017/S0021932006001465.&#13;
&#13;
Valle, R., Yamada, A. M., &amp; Matiella, A. C. (2006). Fotonovelas:a health literacy tool for educating latino older adults about dementia. Regular Research Article, 30(1)&#13;
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                <text>El Precio del Engaño</text>
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                <text>HACER, The Hispanic AIDS Committee for Education and Resources</text>
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                <text> LLEGÓ, National Latino/a Lesbian and Gay Organization</text>
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                <text>This fotonovela is an educational resource published in 1988-1989. The short dramatic story in Spanish educates members of the Latino community how about AIDS  affects more than the LGBTQ community. &#13;
&#13;
The fotonovela was an interesting form of media which used comic book style format with photos as visuals. This fotonovela genre originated after World War II in Italy and spain as film stills and became its own form of print media in the mid 1970s. The fotonovela was hugely popular in Latin America beginning in Cuba in the late 1940s. At the height of its popularity in the 1980s in Mexico,  the fotonovela became a useful educational tool for its engaging comic book format and readability for individuals of all education levels.&#13;
&#13;
The dramatized fotonovela recounts a story of Rudy who inadvertently contracts AIDS. He is unsure whether he contracted the disease from sleeping with another man, his friend Paco, or from sharing a needle while inject drugs with Lydia. Aside form the manner in which he contracted the virus, the fotonovela clearly educates the public that unfortunately no one is immune and there are many ways to contract AIDS. A large misconception of the time was that only homosexuals could contract HIV or AIDS. The fotonovela ends with Rudy's wife, Marta, contracting AIDS and dying. &#13;
&#13;
The latino community's conservative values often contributed to a lack of education regarding the HIV AIDS epidemic. Misinformation was spread, such as the dubious claim that only homosexuals contract the disease. Inaccurate information contributed to higher numbers of cases (Snelling). This informative pamphlet uses the fotonovela narrative style as a means to educate the public in an attainable informative level in an engaging way. &#13;
&#13;
The piece uses derogatory language, such as the word 'maricon' showing that this fotonovela opts to side with the latino community's conservative values regarding homosexuality and premarital sex (Garcia). The term 'maricon' also amplifies the conflict of gay latinos with toxic masculinity, or machismo (Ayala-Walsh, Díaz, Caston).&#13;
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                <text> (H.A.C.E.R.), El Comite de Hispanos para Educación y  Recursos sobe el SIDA, Guadalupe Cultural Arts Center Resident Theatre Company Los Actores of San Antonio</text>
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                <text>The Reagan Era, 1980s, The AIDS HIV Epidemic</text>
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                <text>The Hispanic AIDS Committee for Education and Resources (H.A.C.E.R.)</text>
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                <text>LLILAS Benson Latin American Studies and Collections</text>
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                <text>Ayala-Walsh, Johanna, et al. Liberating Machismo: Deconstructing the Stereotypes of Latinidad in Alberto Korda’s Guerrillero Heroico. ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, 1 Jan. 2012, http://search.proquest.com/docview/1315765965/.&#13;
&#13;
Garcia, Bernardo C. The Development of a Latino Gay Identity. Taylor and Francis, 2014, doi:10.4324/97813157960695.&#13;
&#13;
Caston, Teresa, et al. Machismo: A Latin Culture of Honor? A Quantitative Study. ProQuest Dissertations Publishing, 1 Jan. 2015, http://search.proquest.com/docview/2207615088/.&#13;
&#13;
Diaz, Rafael M. Latino Gay Men and HIV : Culture, Sexuality, and Risk Behavior / Rafael M. Díaz. Routledge, 1998.&#13;
&#13;
“Fotonovelas.” Encyclopedia of Sex and Gender: Culture Society History, Encyclopedia.com, 1 May 2020, www.encyclopedia.com/social-sciences/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/fotonovelas.&#13;
&#13;
Snelling, Dana, et al. “HIV/AIDS KNOWLEDGE, WOMEN’S EDUCATION, EPIDEMIC SEVERITY AND PROTECTIVE SEXUAL BEHAVIOUR IN LOW- AND MIDDLE-INCOME COUNTRIES.” Journal of Biosocial Science, vol. 39, no. 3, Cambridge University Press, May 2007, pp. 421–42, doi:10.1017/S0021932006001465.&#13;
&#13;
Valle, R., Yamada, A. M., &amp; Matiella, A. C. (2006). Fotonovelas:a health literacy tool for educating latino older adults about dementia. Regular Research Article, 30(1)&#13;
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                  <text>AIDS/HIV in the American South: Rhetoric and Policy </text>
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                  <text>This exhibit highlights the rhetoric and policy of HIV/AIDs in the American South to demonstrate how marginalized populations strived to support public health in a time of crisis. The primary materials we have selected highlight the rhetoric and policy creation of a negative socio-cultural landscape that HIV-positive individuals faced in the United States during the 1980s and 1990’s. With powerful statistic and personal accounts, these collections highlight how marginalized communities were able to band together in the fight against AIDS as well as demonstrate the importance of community in times of crisis. &#13;
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                  <text>This electronic resource is made available by the University of Texas Libraries solely for the purposes of research, teaching and private study.&#13;
&#13;
This material is made available for education and research purposes only. The creator of this exhibit does not own the rights for these items; it cannot grant or deny permission to use this material. Copyright law protects unpublished as well as published materials. It is your responsibility to determine the rights status and secure whatever permission may be needed for the use of any item. Due to the nature of archival collections, rights information may be incomplete or out of date. We welcome updates or corrections. Upon request, we'll remove material from public view while we address a rights issue.</text>
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                  <text>Nicholas Arias&#13;
Jess Seymour&#13;
Amy Ruiz&#13;
Megan Snopik</text>
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                <text>AIDS Protestors</text>
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                <text>Reproductive health&#13;
Sexual Health&#13;
Sexual Education&#13;
HIV/AIDS&#13;
Women's Health</text>
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                <text>Katrina Haslip (right) and Terry McGovern (center) protesting at Health and Human Services in Washington D.C.</text>
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                <text> Donna Binder</text>
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                <text>1990</text>
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                <text>NPR</text>
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                <text>This electronic resource is made available by the University of Texas Libraries solely for the purposes of research, teaching and private study.&#13;
&#13;
This material is made available for education and research purposes only. The creator of this exhibit does not own the rights for these items; it cannot grant or deny permission to use this material. Copyright law protects unpublished as well as published materials. It is your responsibility to determine the rights status and secure whatever permission may be needed for the use of any item. Due to the nature of archival collections, rights information may be incomplete or out of date. We welcome updates or corrections. Upon request, we'll remove material from public view while we address a rights issue</text>
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                  <text>This collection showcases both Oral Folklore collected by Cynthia Cooper from the UT Folklore Center Archives located at the Dolph Briscoe Center for American History and Printis which can be found in the digital collections at the Blanton museam of Art  created by Clare Leighton whos wood engravings depicting folk tradition and ways of life. </text>
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                <text>In this photo of  Seattle Chicanos leading an anti -Vietnam War Peace March on October 31, 1970, protesters carry signs and banners that say "Basta" (Enough), "No More War," "Mi Raza Primero" (My People First), "Chicano Power," "Our Fight is at Home Not in Vietnam," "Remember Reuben Salazar," and "Raza Si Guerra No" (People Yes War No). </text>
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                  <text>This press release was signed by twelve religious organizations expressing their concern that the U.S. government was planning to infringe upon these organizations' First Amendment freedoms, immigrant rights, and privacy protections in response to the tragedy of 9/11. This release highlights the Muslim community's concern over terrorism being defined by arbitrary rhetoric and the increased surveillance of innocent citizens.</text>
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                  <text>LLILAS Benson Latin American Collection</text>
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Vietnam War&#13;
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Pentagon Papers&#13;
Feminism&#13;
Representation in activism </text>
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                  <text>Collection of newsletters, pamphlets, and zines that discuss motives and plans of action in regards to ending the Vietnam War. Covers events including the 1971 Mayday Protests, Anti-Vietnam War rallies, etc. The Anti-Vietnam War movement has often been seen as a source of inspiration for many peaceful protests against government policy in our time. For example, many peaceful protests regarding climate change on the capitol and in major U.S cities are said to be strongly reminiscent and influenced by methods used during Anti-Vietnam War protests. When the Vietnam War is taught in schools, lessons are often supplemented by Vietnam War literature or film, as well as photos and videos from the time. The limited amount of marginalized voices from the time limits modern perceptions of the antiwar movement in that a large part of the narrative is still missing. This collection aims to highlight the depiction of the Vietnam War, and the country of Vietnam itself as a backdrop for an American experience, as is frequently seen in literature and media regarding the war and its lasting effects.</text>
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                  <text>Alice Embree Papers&#13;
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              <elementTextContainer>
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                  <text>This material is made available for education and research purposes only. The creator of this exhibit does not own the rights for these items; it cannot grant or deny permission to use this material. Copyright law protects unpublished as well as published materials. It is your responsibility to determine the rights status and secure whatever permission may be needed for the use of any item. Due to the nature of archival collections, rights information may be incomplete or out of date. We welcome updates or corrections. Upon request, we'll remove material from public view while we address a rights issue.</text>
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                  <text>Box 4x220, Folder 2 “Pamphlets and Miscellaneous Literature 1960-1975 2/2”, Alice Embree Papers 1962-2013. Dolph Briscoe Center, the University of Texas at Austin.</text>
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Volume 1 no. 5</text>
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Women's liberation</text>
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                <text>A feminist news journal that focuses on women's liberation across racial and socioeconomic backgrounds. This issue of the journal focuses on the Vietnam War and women's role in activism against the war. Contains various illustrations and photographs to accompany poems, stories, and op-eds. </text>
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                  <text>&lt;em&gt;What's Happening&lt;/em&gt; Newsletters: A Look into the Texas Death Row Community</text>
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                  <text>All items in the collection are from the &lt;em&gt;What's Happening&lt;/em&gt; newsletters, published by Texas inmates on death row in the early 1990s. Funded by the Endeavor Project, an anti-capital punishment reform group, the newsletters was initially meant to circle around the death row wing in the Ellis Correctional Unit, located in Huntsville, Texas. The newsletters focus on a variety of topics, including the following: nonviolent protests, religious appeals, legal advice, and calls for community action. Primary analysis of the newsletter reveals the depth and complexity of death row and its inmates, and shows evidence of a variety of people who live among death row. The newsletter also demonstrate the importance of written word within the prison community, and express that there is a well-educated and creative community behind the prison newsletter. While collection is not meant to be an argument against capital punishment, the collection does work to eliminate some of the bias against death row and its inmates.</text>
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                  <text>Dolph Briscoe Center for American History</text>
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                  <text>&lt;em&gt;What's Happening&lt;/em&gt; newsletter staff</text>
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                  <text>Ellis Correctional Unit, Huntsville, Texas </text>
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              <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
              <elementTextContainer>
                <elementText elementTextId="233">
                  <text>This material is made available for education and research purposes only. The creator of this exhibit does not own the rights for these items; it cannot grant or deny permission to use this material.  Copyright law protects unpublished as well as published materials. It is your responsibility to determine the rights status and secure whatever permission may be needed for the use of any item. Due to the nature of archival collections, rights information may be incomplete or out of date. We welcome updates or corrections. Upon request, we'll remove material from public view while we address a rights issue.</text>
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              <description>A related resource</description>
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                  <text>Box 2L149, Endeavor Folder 1, A Guide to the Texas Death Row Collections, [ca 1980s] -1995, The Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, The University of Texas at Austin.</text>
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                <text>&lt;em&gt;What's Happening &lt;/em&gt;Texas Death Row Newsletter, Issue #2</text>
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                <text>Death row community &#13;
Death row inmates&#13;
Anti-death penalty movement&#13;
Prisoners as journalists&#13;
Prison literature</text>
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                <text>This is the second issue of the&lt;em&gt; What's Happening &lt;/em&gt;Newsletter, published in November 1991. The Coordinator for this issue is Joseph B. Nicholas Bey. Article titles and a short synopisis of the articles are listed below.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Introduction&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;A couple of sentances describing the purpose, and the intended role it serves within the community. The introduction lists Jopseph B. Nichols-Bey as the head coordinator, and appeals for other inmates to share their stories with newsletter. "An informed community is a strong community."&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Farewell&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;The two following articles discuss the recent exution of James "Sugarman" Russell. The first article list how the execution played out, and the aftermath of the execution. Russell did not tell his other about his upcoming execution, and instead called and talked to her an hour before he was executed, telling her "everything is going to be alright". After the execution, Mrs. Russell became ill and was hospitalized. She underwent open heart surgery, and at the time of publication, was recovering. The article discusses how inmates can send a cart, and/or a cross to Mrs. Russel to "offer her moral support, and to wish her well". After publication, it was revealed Mrs. Russell died only moths after her sons's execution.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The second article includes a farewell statement by James Russell, directed to the death row community. This statement was written the day before his execution:&lt;br /&gt;"If I don't get a stay by the 11th hour, in my heart I will close my eyes and take your love beyond this madness with me, where I'll build a more beautiful tower of love and compassion in the sky. So dont be sad, that after 17 years of struggling against the tide my little stream has been consumed by the sea, because we shall meet again and sing an ever sweeter song; so, my friends, farewell. I am ready. The state can not murder me anymore. I love you."&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Individual Updates&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The next two articles contain updates on the trial processes of two inmates on death row: Roger Leroy DeGarmo, and Johm Dee Matson Jr. DeGarmo's case was confirmed by the Texas Court of Criminal appeals, and his case is now under review. Matson's case was overturned by the Crimal Court of Appeals, and the CCA ordered a retrial. This retrial is due to the judge's failure to allow an expert witness to testify that Matson would "probably not be dangerous to the public in the future".&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Death Row Facts and Fugures&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The issue includes some information about the death row population size at the time of publication, and the "number of murders cimmitted by the state".&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Legal News and Notes&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;This article includes new legal information about the Texas Criminal Court of appeals regarding Salvage v. Colline, and it's affect on the "Penry claims".&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Only in America&lt;/strong&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The author of this article discusses an article he read in the Dallas newspaper regarding juvenile execution rates in Texas and in the United State. Texas law allows for individuals who are 17 at the age of their trial to be tried as an adult. According to the article, at the time of publication, there are 31 youths on death row, 7 of which are located in Texas.  &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Hospitality House&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;This article discusses the Hospitality House charity, and how it helps death row inmates' loved ones. The Hospitality House is run by the Texas Baptist Prison Family Ministry Foundation, and offers up temporary living for families and visitors of inmates. A donation is required, and is used to keep the House in operation. The overall goal of of the Hospitality House is to "minister to physical and spiritual needs" and "encourage and strenghten family relationships."</text>
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            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="2893">
                <text>This material is made available for education and research purposes only. The creator of this exhibit does not own the rights for these items; it cannot grant or deny permission to use this material. Copyright law protects unpublished as well as published materials. It is your responsibility to determine the rights status and secure whatever permission may be needed for the use of any item. Due to the nature of archival collections, rights information may be incomplete or out of date. We welcome updates or corrections. Upon request, we'll remove material from public view while we address a rights issue.</text>
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                <text>Joseph B. Nichols-Bey&#13;
James "Sugarman" Russell&#13;
Gary "T" Graham (Shaka Sankofa)</text>
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                  <text>All items in the collection are from the &lt;em&gt;What's Happening&lt;/em&gt; newsletters, published by Texas inmates on death row in the early 1990s. Funded by the Endeavor Project, an anti-capital punishment reform group, the newsletters was initially meant to circle around the death row wing in the Ellis Correctional Unit, located in Huntsville, Texas. The newsletters focus on a variety of topics, including the following: nonviolent protests, religious appeals, legal advice, and calls for community action. Primary analysis of the newsletter reveals the depth and complexity of death row and its inmates, and shows evidence of a variety of people who live among death row. The newsletter also demonstrate the importance of written word within the prison community, and express that there is a well-educated and creative community behind the prison newsletter. While collection is not meant to be an argument against capital punishment, the collection does work to eliminate some of the bias against death row and its inmates.</text>
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                <text>This is the 11th issue of the newsletter. The coordinators of this issue are Joseph Nicholas-Bey and John K. Barefield. Article titles and a short synopsis of the articles found in this issue are listed below.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Active Execution Dates as of August 15, 1992&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;Eleven upcoming inmate executions are listed along with their execution dates. It also includes some information about death row population size and "state murders".&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Texas Court of Criminal Appeals (CCA)&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;This article lists out the rules and requirements of Rule 302 "Discretionary Review in General" in the Court of Criminal Appeals&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Texas Death Row Hunger Strike&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;This article discusses a hunger strike taking place within the prison. The hunger strike began on July 19th, 1992, and occurs in three-day increments.  Cornelis Gross, the head of the Nonviolent Action Committee within the Endeavor Project spearheaded the hunger strike. At the time of publication, 51 death row community members participated in the hunger strike, and the article appeals for more to join.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;&lt;strong&gt;Ad Placement by Lost Horizons Bookstore&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Misconduct and Racial Discrimination&lt;br /&gt;&lt;/strong&gt;The following article includes a letter from inmate Ponchi "T-Bone" Wilkerson, describing his racist encounter with a correctional officer, where the CO uses unnecessary force on Wilkerson. At the time of publication, Wilkerson was placed in administrative segregation. When Wilkerson refused to leave his cell in order to get a haircut, CO Smith and CO Van Camp retaliated with "unprovoked use of force". The COs handcuffed Wilkerson, searched his room, called him racial slurs, and physically abused Wilkerson. Wilkerson claims two inmates witnessed the event.&lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;The letter ends with an appeal by Wilkerson for inmates to stand up for one another and "put an end to the abuse". The newsletter Coordinators also include their support for Wilkerson. The Coordinators end the newsletter calling on inmates to speak up for what they believe in and to support one another against the abuse. "The responsibility rests with us to force change upon this antiquated system."</text>
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                  <text>This material is made available for education and research purposes only. The creator of this exhibit does not own the rights for these items; it cannot grant or deny permission to use this material.  Copyright law protects unpublished as well as published materials. It is your responsibility to determine the rights status and secure whatever permission may be needed for the use of any item. Due to the nature of archival collections, rights information may be incomplete or out of date. We welcome updates or corrections. Upon request, we'll remove material from public view while we address a rights issue.</text>
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                  <text>Box 2L149, Endeavor Folder 1, A Guide to the Texas Death Row Collections, [ca 1980s] -1995, The Dolph Briscoe Center for American History, The University of Texas at Austin.</text>
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                <text>Legal Advice: Rule 302: &lt;em&gt;What's Happening&lt;/em&gt; Newsletter Issue #11</text>
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                <text>Death Row&#13;
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Community&#13;
Legal Advice&#13;
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                <text>This is an overview of Rule 302 of the Texas Court of Criminal Appeals.</text>
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                <text>Ellis Correctional Unit, Huntsville, Texas</text>
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                <text>This material is made available for education and research purposes only. The creator of this exhibit does not own the rights for these items; it cannot grant or deny permission to use this material. Copyright law protects unpublished as well as published materials. It is your responsibility to determine the rights status and secure whatever permission may be needed for the use of any item. Due to the nature of archival collections, rights information may be incomplete or out of date. We welcome updates or corrections. Upon request, we'll remove material from public view while we address a rights issue.</text>
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                <text>Dolph Briscoe Center for American History </text>
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John K. Barefield</text>
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                <text>Texas Death Row Collections- Endeavor Folder</text>
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